How did Columbus Day become a national holiday? The origin of this holiday can be traced back to the late 19th century when Italian-Americans sought to honor Christopher Columbus, the explorer who is credited with discovering the New World in 1492. The celebration of Columbus Day gained momentum over the years, leading to its eventual recognition as a federal holiday in the United States.
The first Columbus Day parade took place in New York City in 1792, marking the 300th anniversary of Columbus’s birth. However, it was not until 1906 that the holiday was officially observed in the United States. This occurred in Colorado, when the state legislature passed a bill making Columbus Day a legal holiday. The following year, President Theodore Roosevelt signed a proclamation, declaring Columbus Day a national holiday.
The push for a national Columbus Day was largely driven by Italian-Americans, who faced discrimination and sought to promote their heritage. They believed that celebrating Columbus’s achievements would help improve their social status and foster a sense of national unity. The Knights of Columbus, an Italian-American fraternal organization, played a significant role in promoting the holiday.
As Columbus Day gained popularity, other states and cities followed suit, observing the holiday on various dates. In 1937, Congress passed a law that established the second Monday in October as Columbus Day, making it a federal holiday. This date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of Columbus’s arrival in the Caribbean on October 12, 1492.
Despite its origins, Columbus Day has faced criticism over the years. Many Native Americans and other groups argue that the holiday commemorates the brutal colonization of the Americas and the suffering of indigenous peoples. Protests and calls for the holiday’s abolition have gained momentum, leading some states and cities to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples’ Day or a similar alternative.
In conclusion, Columbus Day became a national holiday through the efforts of Italian-Americans who sought to honor Christopher Columbus and promote their heritage. However, the holiday has faced controversy due to its connection to the colonization of the Americas. As the debate continues, some regions have chosen to recognize the contributions of indigenous peoples instead, reflecting a broader understanding of history and its impact on modern society.
